A complexity theory approach to second language development/acquisition
- 討論
Overview
Organized complexity
Relational systems, dynamism, and self-organization
Complex systems are open and adaptive
Change in complex systems
Theoretical Principles
Language is a dynamic set of graded patterns emerging from use
Language-using patterns are heterochronic and adapted to their context of use
Language development proceeds through soft-assembly and co-adaptation
Stable patterns emerge bottom-up from frequent soft-assemblies in co-adapted interactions
Learners play an active role in language development
Frequency is important but not sufficient
Variability is pervasive
Cross-linguistic influence manifests itself in numerous ways
Intentionality and agency are important
Research Methods
Complexity theory requires several departures from typical research procedures
Componential explanations are not appropriate when studying functional wholes
Complexity theory calls for retrodiction instead of prediction
Three methods for studying complex, dynamic systems
Supporting findings
Differences vis-à-vis other alternative approaches
Future directions
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